Kupindula ndi kukwezedwa kwa mgwirizano wa kusinthana mabatire m'dziko muno, miyezo yatsopano ya dziko, komanso kukula kwa kufunikira kwa magalimoto amagetsi okhala ndi mawilo awiri kunja kwa dziko, kugulitsa magalimoto amagetsi okhala ndi mawilo awirihttps://www.qianxinmotor.com/fully-electric-800w-45kmh-dics-braking-scooter-electric-product/ku China kudzapitirira 54 miliyoni mu 2023, ndipo njira zamagetsi zamagalimoto awiri okhala ndi mawilo awiri, kupepuka, luntha, ndi kulumikizana zidzapitirira kulimba. Malo akuluakulu amsika apangitsa kuti pakhale kufunikira kwakukulu kwa mabatire. Pakadali pano, kulowa kwa mabatire a lithiamu, mabatire a sodium, ndi ukadaulo wina kukuchulukirachulukira, zomwe zikufulumizitsa kukweza ndi kusintha kwa makampani amagetsi okhala ndi mawilo awiri.
Pofika chaka cha 2030, mabatire amagetsi a magalimoto awiri okhala ndi mawilo awiri adzapereka chitsanzo cha "lithium sodium lead kuvina pamodzi" ndikugawa dziko lonse m'magawo atatu. Chizolowezi cha magalimoto awiri okhala ndi mawilo awiri amagetsi ndikusintha kuchoka pa mabatire a lead-acid kupita ku mabatire a lithiamu ndi sodium. Mabatire a lithiamu okhala ndi mphamvu zambiri amatha kupangitsa magalimoto kukhala opepuka komanso okhala ndi nthawi yayitali. Nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire a sodium kumatha kupititsa patsogolo malonda a mabizinesi ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zawo zopewera zoopsa.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, motsogozedwa ndi miyezo yatsopano ya dziko, kuchuluka kwa mabatire a lithiamu komwe kumalowa kwakwera mofulumira. Komabe, m'zaka ziwiri zapitazi, mtengo wa lithiamu carbonate wakwera kwambiri kufika pa 600000 yuan/tani, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kulowera kwatsika. Opanga asankha mabatire otsika mtengo a lead-acid kuti azitha kuwongolera ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthawi yomweyo, pali zoopsa zambiri zachitetezo komanso mavuto osafanana pamsika wa mabatire a lithiamu pamagalimoto awiri okhala ndi mawilo.
Koma ndi mitengo yokhazikika ya zinthu zopangira lithiamu-ion komanso kusintha kwa mfundo zatsopano za dziko, njira yosinthira lead-acid ndi mabatire a lithiamu-ion idzafulumira pamsika wa njinga zamagetsi zoposa 350 miliyoni ku China, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa magalimoto pafupifupi 40 miliyoni pachaka.
Tikuyembekeza kuti kuchuluka kwa mabatire a lithiamu kudzafika pafupifupi 50% pofika chaka cha 2023, mogwirizana ndi mphamvu ya 16GWh yoyikidwa. Kukula kwa kufunikira kwa magetsi m'zaka zitatu zikubwerazi kudzafika pa 30%. Pachifukwa ichi, chitukuko cha njinga zamagetsi zogawana komanso kukhwima kwa mitundu yosinthira mabatire zikuyembekezeka kupitiliza kukulitsa msika wokwera.
Kuchokera pakuwona njira yaukadaulo wa mabatire a lithiamu a magalimoto awiri okhala ndi mawilo awiri, mawonekedwe amsika akuwonetsa momwe njira zingapo zimakhalira limodzi komanso malo ambiri ogwiritsira ntchito akukulirakulira. Chifukwa cha kufunika kokwera mtengo kwa mabatire a lithiamu-ion pamagalimoto awiri amagetsi okhala ndi mawilo awiri komanso momwe makampani amagawikirana, ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana wa lithiamu-ion ukugwira ntchito pakadali pano. Pansi pa kubwerezabwereza ndi kukweza ukadaulo mosalekeza, mabizinesi otsogola adzayambitsa zinthu zotsika mtengo kwambiri, zomwe zidzatsogolera zomwe zikuchitika m'makampani.
Kumbali inayi, mabatire a sodium ali ndi malo ambiri osinthira magalimoto amagetsi okhala ndi mawilo awiri chifukwa cha ubwino wawo pamtengo ndi chitetezo.
Kuchokera pa mfundo, kuyambira mu 2022, madipatimenti osiyanasiyana monga Unduna wa Zamalonda ndi Ukadaulo wa Chidziwitso akhala akunena mobwerezabwereza za kulimbitsa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wosungira mphamvu zambiri monga mabatire a lithiamu-ion m'mapulani awo a mfundo. Mu Julayi, zizindikiro ndi mayina ofanana a mabatire a sodium ion adalimbikitsidwa mwalamulo, ndipo mabatire a sodium ion akhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakufufuza ndi kukonza chitukuko.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro a malonda, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito pang'onopang'ono mabatire a sodium ion, mitengo ikuyembekezeka kupitirira kuchepa, ndipo mtengo wogulitsa ndi phindu lonse la njinga zidzatsegulidwanso.
Ndi kukhwima pang'onopang'ono kwa ukadaulo wokhudzana ndi mabatire a sodium, kusintha pang'onopang'ono kwa malo othandizira unyolo wamafakitale, komanso kuwonekera pang'onopang'ono kwa zotsatira za sikelo, zikuyembekezeka kuti mtengo wonse wa mabatire a sodium ukuyembekezeka kuchepa kufika pansi pa 0.4 yuan/Wh m'zaka 5 zikubwerazi, zomwe zili pafupi ndi mtengo wa mabatire a lead-acid ndipo zili ndi mwayi waukulu kuposa mtengo wa mabatire a lithiamu. Izi mosakayikira zidzafulumizitsa kuchuluka kwa mabatire a sodium ion kulowa m'magalimoto amagetsi okhala ndi mawilo awiri, ndipo kutukuka kwake kudzayambitsa kusintha kwatsopano kwa magalimoto okhala ndi mawilo awiri.
Zikuyembekezeredwa kuti kukula kwa msika wa mabatire a sodium kudzafika pa 91GWh ndi 1132GWh motsatana pofika chaka cha 2025 ndi 2030. Kukula kwa msika wa mabatire a sodium kudzapitiriza kukula mofulumira m'zaka 8 zikubwerazi, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mabatire a sodium m'magalimoto awiri oyenda ndi mawilo kudzafika pa 8.6GWh pofika chaka cha 2030.
Ponseponse, makampani opanga magalimoto amagetsi okhala ndi mawilo awiri pang'onopang'ono alowa mu gawo lotukuka labwino lomwe likulamulidwa ndi kukweza zinthu, kukulitsa mphamvu, kapangidwe ka njira, ndi mtengo wa mtundu. Munthawi imeneyi yakukula mwachangu m'makampani opanga magalimoto amagetsi okhala ndi mawilo awiri, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti unyolo wonse wamakampani ugwirizane ndikufufuza mitundu yatsopano yopangira, kugawana ukadaulo watsopano wamakono, ndikulimbikitsa kumanga chilengedwe chatsopano chathanzi cha unyolo wonse wamakampani a lithiamu, mabatire a sodium, magalimoto amagetsi awiri, ndi kusinthana mabatire.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala 18-2023